THE FAMILY+POSSESSIVE CASE

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POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES 1

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REPORTED SPEECH-GRAMMAR

REPORTED SPEECH

1) ORDERS /REQUESTS 2) STATEMENTS (AFFIRMATIVE-NEGATIVE) 3) QUESTIONS a) YES-NO QUESTIONS b) WH-QUESTIONS

1) ORDERS (told-ordered-commanded)/REQUESTS (asked-requested)

Affirmative commands	Negative commands
Father (me): "Do your homework!."	Teacher (them). "Don't talk to your neighbour!"
Father told me to do my homework.	The teacher ordered them not to talk to their neighbour.

Affirmative requests	Negative requests
Helen (her sister) "Open the window, please!"	Billy (the people) : “Don´t smoke here, please?
Helen asked her sister to open the window.	Billy asked the people not to smoke there
Frank: (his wife) :”Can you help me, please?
Frank asked his wife to help him

2) STATEMENTS (said)

Backshift of tenses
from	to
Simple Present	Simple Past
Simple Past	Past Perfect
Present Perfect
Past Perfect
will	would
Progressive forms
am/are/is	was/were
was/were	had been
has been
had been

DIRECT SPEECH		REPORTED SPEECH
Peter: "I work in the garden."	Peter said that he worked in the garden.
Peter: "I worked in the garden."	Peter said that he had worked in the garden.
Peter: "I have worked in the garden."
Peter: "I had worked in the garden."
Peter: "I will work in the garden."	Peter said that he would work in the garden.
Peter: "I can work in the garden."	Peter said that he could work in the garden.
Peter: "I may work in the garden."	Peter said that he might work in the garden.
Peter: "I would work in the garden." (could, might, should, ought to)	Peter said that he would work in the garden. (could, might, should, ought to)
Progressive forms
Peter: "I'm working in the garden."	Peter said that he was working in the garden.
Peter: "I was working in the garden."	Peter said that he had been working in the garden.
Peter: "I have been working in the garden."
Peter: "I had been working in the garden."

If the sentence contains an expression of time, you must change it as well.

Peter: "I worked in the garden yesterday."
Peter said that he had worked in the garden the day before.

Shifting of expressions of time

DIRECT SPEECH	REPORTED SPEECH
this (evening)	that (evening)
today/this day	that day
these (days)	those (days)
now	Then, at that moment
(a week) ago	(a week) before
last weekend	the weekend before / the previous weekend
here	there
next (week)	the following (week)
tomorrow	the next/following day

Note:

In some cases the backshift of tenses is not necessary, e.g. when statements are still true.

John: "My brother is at Leipzig university."
John said that his brother was at Leipzig university. or
John said that his brother is at Leipzig university.

or

Mandy: "The sun rises in the East."
Mandy said that the sun rose in the East. or
Mandy said that the sun rises in the East.

3)QUESTIONS (asked-wanted to know)

a)

YES-NO QUESTIONS: …asked + if + subject + verb
DIRECT SPEECH	REPORTED SPEECH
Peter: (me)"Do you play football?"	Peter asked me if I played football
Millie: (Peter): “Have you finished your work?”	Millie asked if Peter had finished his work

b)

WH-QUESTIONS: …asked + wh-word + subject + verb
DIRECT SPEECH	REPORTED SPEECH
Peter: "When do you play football?"	Peter asked me when I played football.
Helen : “Where did they spend their holidays? “	Helen asked where they had spent their holidays

IMPROVE YOUR ENGLISH

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K´S FIRST CASE. Guide for reading

K´S FIRST CASE: Guide to read the story

1. Describe the people in the story
2. What happened on November 17th?
3. Describe Sir Michael´s house
4. Describe Sir Michael´s study
5. What clues did K find?
6. What things didn´t K find?
7. What happened in K´s first theory?
8. What happened in K´s second theory?
9. What happened in K´s third theory?
10. What happened in K´s fouth theory?
11. What did Sir Michael usually do?
12. What did Mrs Flack say about Sir Michael and Lady Elizabeth?
13. Where was Miss Everett that night?
14. What did Lady Elizabeth say about her husband?
15. What did Colonel Fawcett quarrel with Sir Michael about?
16. What did Angela feel about Lady Elizabeth?
17. What did Angela really love?
18. Why didn´t Andrew Cavell like Sir Michael?
19. How long has Nancy been with the family?
20. Did she like Angela? Why?
21. Look at page 48 and describe each picture
22. Who put the mechanism in the wall behind the freezer? Everyone had reasons for killing Sir Michael

Was… a) Lady Elizabeth? b)Colonel Fawcett? c)Angela Everett?
d)Andrew Cavell? e)Nancy Flack?


Reasons for killing Sir Michael:
a)..................................................................
....................................................................
b)..................................................................
....................................................................
c)..................................................................
....................................................................
d)..................................................................
....................................................................
e)..................................................................
....................................................................

23. What did Sir Michael write to Andrew Cavell?
24. How did Angela feel about Sir Michael when she knew about this letter?
25. Who made the bow which killed Sir Michael?
26. How did the mechanism work?
-the murderer put the ……………in the freezer before 9 o´clock
-Michael ………………the ice-tray
-the icicle went into the ………………on the bow
-the string went ………………….
-the icicle went like an ……………………

27. Describe Nancy´s plan
–she ……………into his study last night
–she put the ………………in the freezer
–she ………………the icicle in the big refrigerador in the kitchen
–she put the ………………………..in the wall behind the freezer
–she ………………leave any fingerprints

28. Who was the murderer?
29. Who did the murderer really want to kill? Why?

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

Let´s practise Conditional sentences

ADVERBS

Let´s practise adverbs

RICK AND THE TURKISH HAREM I: ANSWER

1) Describe the atmosphere of the place where the story happens.
2) Describe Prince Yamanie. Where was he from?
3) Why did the detective visit the Prince?
4) What American characteristic did the Prince mention to Rick?
5) Explain the relationship between the American Senator William Bawls and the Tehran Interantional terrorist Sect?
6) Did the Prince accept to help Rick? Why?
7) Did Rick trust Prince Yamanie?
8) How did the dancers and servants look like?
9) Coul Rick sleep that night?

RICK AND THE TURKISH HAREM (I) (II)

Read the following adventure of Rick Mansworth, Private Detective, and choose the correct adjective


Read the second part of Rick's adventure and turn the conversation into indirect speech

LET´S PRACTISE

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TENSES AND OTHER WORDS MUST BE CHANGED WHEN THEY ARE REPORTED:

PRESENTATION

Pi3 Ef 9 B Reported Speech Presentation1

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1st or 2nd type?

1) We´d have more time to enjoy ourselves if we........................................(not-have) so much homework.
2) They .................................................(not-win) the championship if they lose on Sunday.
3) What will you do if she ......................................................(not arrive)?
4) ........................................................(you-see) her again if she said she was sorry?
5) If I were rich, I .............................................(share) the money with you!
6) He...............................................(not-help) you if you don´t help him.
7) A: I´ve lost my calculator. Have you seen it?
B:No, but if I ...................................(find) it, I................................(give) it to you.
8) My brother isn´t good at Maths. If he ............................(be) good, he ......................
(become) an engineer.
9) If she ....................................................(not-stop) smoking, she ................................(get) ill.
10) I don´t travel by underground. If it.......................................(not-be) so crowded in the morning, I..........................................(use) it more often.

What would you do if ...?

Make sentences from the chart

Wishes-advice